In this first lesson, we are going to examine the current literature regarding the key factors affecting rehabilitative decision-making: direct or indirect restoration? Post or no post? Cervical margin not isolable, how to solve it? Moreover, in the second part of this lesson, we will talk about the interpretation of radiographic exams, when we should prescribe CBCTs and how they can influence our endodontic treatments.

In this lesson, we will focus on the ideal access cavity design according to tooth anatomy to perform root canal treatments reducing intraoperative risks and minimizing the removal of sound dental tissues.

The lesson is focused on several points:
• The nickel-titanium alloy: why is it considered the material of choice for manufacturing endodontic instruments?
• Mechanical and metallurgical properties of austenitic and martensitic NiTi instruments.
• Scouting, flaring, glide path, shaping, finishing, gauging: what are we talking about?
• Continuous rotation and reciprocating motion: pros and cons.
• How to solve intraoperative problems such as ledges, blocks, calcified canals, severe curvatures, etc.

In this final lesson, we will discuss the recommendable irrigation protocols, illustrate the role of irrigant activation by comparing current devices available on the market, and describe obturation materials and techniques, focusing on the properties and the use of hydraulic sealers.